Multiple-Optimizing Wireless Sensor Networks with MIMO Technology

A Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transceiver provides extremely high spectral efficiencies by simultaneously transmitting multiple data streams in the same channel. MIMO links with MIMO transceiver at each end have been used to raise data rate or reduce energy consumption at links in a wireless sensor network (WSN). In this paper, we investigate the approach of cross-layer design for leveraging the advantage of the MIMO technology from local links to the whole network. We propose a novel MIMOaware cluster-based network architecture which enables efficient routing and inexpensive network reconfiguration. We also propose a MAC protocol which can improve data rate and energy usage at the same time in MIMO links by optimally assigning transmission antennas based on the conditions at the physical layer. Our routing algorithms provide robust and shortest paths on the proposed architecture. The performance evaluation shows that design can fully realize the potential of the MIMO technology and multiple optimize network throughput, network lifetime and network reconfiguration cost.